Which term refers to organisms that feed on dead and decaying matter?

The term that refers to organisms that feed on dead and decaying matter is "decomposers." These organisms, including bacteria and fungi, play a critical role in ecosystems by breaking down organic material, which recycles nutrients back into the soil. This process not only helps in the decomposition of dead organisms but also enriches the soil, supporting the growth of plants and contributing to the overall health of the ecosystem.

Decomposers differ from producers, which are organisms like plants that create their own food through photosynthesis, and consumers, which are animals that eat other living organisms. Herbivores specifically refer to consumers that primarily feed on plants, not dead matter. By understanding the role of decomposers, one gains insight into the intricate interactions within ecosystems and the importance of nutrient cycling.